ethnic cleansing
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun: 1. A systematic, often violent, process to remove or eliminate a particular ethnic or religious group from a geographic area: This term refers to the deliberate policy, typically carried out by a dominant group, to create an ethnically homogeneous region by forcibly expelling, displacing, or killing members of a targeted minority group. It is considered a crime against humanity.
Usage
The term is used as a non-count noun to describe the policy, campaign, or act itself. * The international community condemned the reports of ethnic cleansing in the region. * The tribunal investigated allegations of ethnic cleansing during the civil war. * Survivors testified about the horrors of the ethnic cleansing they endured.
Advanced Usage
- As a modifier: The term can be used adjectivally before other nouns to describe related concepts.
- The ethnic-cleansing campaign left deep scars on the country.
- They were accused of ethnic-cleansing operations.
Variants and Related Words
- Ethnically cleanse (verb): A rare and controversial verb form derived from the noun, meaning to carry out ethnic cleansing.
- The regime sought to ethnically cleanse the province.
- Cleansing (noun): When used in this specific context, it is a euphemism for the violent removal of people. On its own, "cleansing" more commonly refers to making something clean.
Synonyms
- Genocide: While related, "genocide" specifically denotes the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group. Ethnic cleansing may involve genocide but can also be achieved through forced deportation and displacement without total annihilation.
- Pogrom: A violent riot aimed at massacre or persecution of an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews. A pogrom is often a specific, brutal event, whereas ethnic cleansing implies a sustained policy.
- Expulsion: The act of forcing someone to leave a place. This is a key component of ethnic cleansing but does not inherently imply the same level of systematic violence or killing.
- Forced displacement / Deportation: The compulsory removal of people from their homes. These are primary methods of ethnic cleansing.
Important Notes
- Legal Status: "Ethnic cleansing" is not a legally defined term under international law like "genocide" or "crimes against humanity," but the acts it describes are severe violations of international humanitarian and human rights law.
- Euphemistic Nature: The term uses the word "cleansing" metaphorically and euphemistically, framing the targeted group as a stain or impurity to be removed. Its use is highly charged and condemnatory.
Noun
- the mass expulsion and killing of one ethnic or religious group in an area by another ethnic or religious group in that area